Process and apparatus for obtaining a synthetic ivory colored ceresin



April 16, 1946. 'A. GuNsPAN Y 2,398,424

PRocEss AND APPARATUS'FOR oammme A smnm'uc Ivomr COLORED CERESIN Y I Filed Jan. 7, 1945 I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 I I z p A. GRUNSPAN I 2398.424

PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR OBTAINING A SYNTHETIC IVORY COLORED CERESIN Filed Jan. 7, 1943 4 ZSheets-Sheet 2.

8 Fig.2. aa v Patented Apr. 16, 1946 PROCESS AND APPARATUS FORVOBTAINING, i

SYNTHETIC rvonr coLo EncE t sm Adolf Grunspan, England, now

Adolphus F. Garvin Wimbledon s. W. 19, London, by judicial change of name Application January 7, 1943, seriarno.471,61"

' In Great Britain May 1, 1 941 Claims. (cries-1s).

By the process which I patented November 17 1925 (U. S. A. Patent 1,562,425) the crystalline wax is removed from the residuum with a filterpress, the amorphous wax of distillation.

According to my present invention, a synthetic ivory colored ceresin can be obtained from crude oil residuum or other hydrocarbons containing both crystalline parafiin wax and amorphous parafiin wax, by cleaning the oil to be treated, separating the parafiin wax. in crystalline form by adding low boiling point petroleum or paraffin distillate, and by spreading the amorphous ceresin wax, distilled over after. filtration, under a spray of water, whereby the amorphous paraffin wax is formed into shreds, from which any remaining oil is finally extracted by a suitablemedium.

The material produced by my process is identical in composition, constitution and properties to ceresin which of affin wax obtained by purifying ozokerite, and therefore I refer to the said material as synthetic ceresin.

Thus the method of purifying hydrocarbons, as disclosed in my Patent No. 1,562,425, which resulted in the separation of amorphous wax, is extended to further treatment of the thus gained amorphous wax. Y 1

It is therefore, the main object of the'present invention to provide a method of and an apparatus for formingshreds of high melting point, ivory colored amorphous wax. l

The following example will serve to show how my proces and apparatus may be carried into practice in obtaining ivory colored ceresin.

The crude oil residuum or other hydrocarbons containing amorphous and crystalline wax is diluted with low boiling point petroleum 0r paraffin oil distillates and the crystalline wax is allowed to settle. It is then filtered and the filteroil obtained subjected to a careful distillation until the amorphous wax distils over.

The amorphous wax distillate so obtained is a thick liquid and is further treated sol that it flows in fine streams under a spray of water, with the result that the amorphou paraflin wax forms into fine thin shreds. The shreds are then passed through an extracting medium and thus freed from oil, and an oil-free synthetic ivory colored ceresin with high melting point over 170 F. is then produced.

The exact working of the invention is explained by the attached drawings. Fig. 1 represents a side elevation of the plant. Figs. 2,3 and 4 show details or theparticular apparatus for precipie tating the ceresin in the form of long thin shreds.

course is an amorphous par- Fig. 2 is the appearance fromthe front, and Fig. 3 from above, while Fig. 4 is a View in perspective; The pump I (Fig. 1) presse 'the hot amorphous wax distillate into'an agitator 2 where it is preliminarily cleaned, from which the treated oil run into a receiving tank 3 where it is cooled down to atmospheric temperature. This receiving tank is then filled with petroleum distillate to 50% of its volume and this mixture is passed by means of a pressurevess'el 4 through pipe 6 controlled by valve'5 to a pressure pump 1 which presses the mixture through a filterpress 8 which removes the crystalline wax. The filtrate flows into .the container 9, out of which it passes through pump. l0 into the main receiving tank ll. From there pump l2 passes the filtrate into the still I3, where a careful distillation by means of steam and vacuum is effected. The oil-re siduum obtained in .the still l3 then runs finally a waxfree lubricating oil stock into a storage tank I4, andthe overhead amorphous wax distillate as a thick liquid distillate, runs through I5 and I5 into the distributor l1 and I8, by which it is distributedin thin streams on to a sloping platform 45, where it spreads fanwise and is continuously washed by cold water, which break up the amorphous paraflin wax into the form of long thin shreds. (These shreds can then be made entirely free from oil by any known extracting medium.) r

The apparatus for obtaining the synthetic ceresin in tho-form of shreds from the amorphous wax distillate, according to' the present invention is shown in greater detail in Figs. 2-4. It consists which runways 3| of a device l1 to produce the amorphous wax in fine streams, and of a platform 45 for spreadin out these streams in the shape of a fan. The distributor l'l shows several channels 30 from are arranged for conducting the amorphous wax. The channels 38 are shown in the diagram as a plate in a wave or zig-zagform 34. The plate 34 forms the end wall of a container 35, which has an outlet pipeline 35 which is used when the container 35 is to be entirely emptied by removing a. closing cap and an inlet pipeline 38 which are Thecontainer 35 is divided into two compartments 4| and 42, by means of a sieve wall, to equalize the pressure of the incoming oily amorphous waxdistillate. The line 38 ends in the compartment 4|. Compartment 42 is walled by the corrugated wall 34, Parts of the wall 34 are at the top onthe idenearest the sieve wall4fl, cut away on the inner urfaces-so as to givethe upper edge 33 an uneven line, and so that the line both controlled by valves.

of this edge on the inner parts of the corrugations is lower than the line of the edge on the outer part. In the drawings the corrugated end wall 34 is shown with three-cornered top edges 3|, whose lower edges 3| are at the back of the channels 30.

The arrangement 45 for the fanwise spreading of the streams of amorphouswax consists of a sloping platform. Above this platform 45 there is a water inlet Z for delivering the water in a fine spray. The inlet consists of a funnel 41 in the diagram and a valve 48, with which the amount of water flowing from pipe 49 to funnel 41 can be regulated. H

The hot oily amorphous wax distillate, flowing in by the pipe line 38 into the container 35, first fills the compartments 4| and 42 and when it has reached a level higher than the points 3| flows in fine streams down along the channels 30 towards the sloping distributing platform 45 and spreads fanwise on it. The water flowing onto and through this oily amorphous wax fan by way of funnel 4'! form it into thin shreds or film-like tapes. The oil in these wax shreds can then be extracted. The shreds mixed with the water obtained by this process are passed to the extracting plant 20 (Fig. 1) and are there treated with the extracting medium, which with the extracted oil is drained off into container 2!. By the continual drainage of surplus water into a water container 23, the oil-free synthetic ivory colored ceresin shreds remain on the sieve S towards the bottom of the extracting plant 20. The extracted oil can either be pressed back from this container 2| through tank 22 into the extraction plant 20 to extract any remaining amorphous paraflin wax, or it can be pr ssed into container l9 to be freed from the extracting medium.

I claim:

1. Apparatu for the treatment of liquid hydrocarbons comprising paraffin-base crude oil residuum to produce a synthetic ceresin by separating high melting point amorphou wax contained in the residuum into shreds, comprising in sequence, an agitator for preliminary cleanin of the oil, a mixing tank for addition to the oil of a low boiling point petroleum distillate, a filter-press for separating 01f insoluble crystalline wax precipitated by the action of the petroleum distillate, a still for distilling over the amorphous parafiin wax from the filtrate, a device for forming the amorphous wax distillate into shreds comprising means for causing the distillate to flow in a plurality of fine streams onto an inclined platform, means for spraying water onto said platform, and an extracting vessel for freeing the remaining oil from the shreds.

2. Apparatus for the treatment of liquid hydrocarbons comprising parafiin-base crude oil residuum to produce a synthetic ceresin by sep arating high melting point amorphous wax contained in the residuum into'shreds, comprising in sequence, an agitator for preliminary cleaning of the oil, a mixing'tank for addition to the oil of. a low boiling point'petroleum distillate, a

. filter-press for separating off' insoluble rys:

talline wax precipitated by the action of the petroleum distillate, a still for distilling over the amorphous parainn wax from the filtrate, a flat sloping platform, means to spray water onto said platform and meansfor distributing the amorphous wax-distillate into a series of'fine'streams farizwise onto said platform beneath the spray of wa er.

3. Apparatus for the treatment of liquid by drocarbons comprising parafiin-base crude oil residuum to produce a synthetic ceresin by separating high melting point amorphous wax con-- tained in the residuum into shreds, comprising in sequence an agitator for preliminary cleaning of the oil, a mixing tank for addition to the oil of a low boiling point petroleum distillate, a filter-press for separating oif insoluble crystalline wax precipitated by the action of the petroleum distillate, a still for distilling over the amorphous parafiin wax from the filtrate, a container to receive the amorphous wax. distillate, a deeply corrugated sheet metal front wall to said container, an inlet pipe to supply the amorphous wax distillate to said container, a sieve between said inlet pipe and said corrugated wall, a fiat sloping platform adapted to feed th distillate in fine streams 'from said corrugated wall. and means to spray water on to said platform.

4. Apparatus for forming oil-free, ivory colored shreds of high melting point amorphous wax, comprising a container for the said liquid amorphous wax, and a flat sloping platform, means to spray water onto said platform and mean for distributing the liquid amorphou wax into a series of fine streams fanwise onto said platform beneath the spray of water.

5. Apparatus for forming oil-free, ivory colored shreds of high melting point amorphous wax, comprising a container to receive the said liquid amorphous wax, a corrugated wall on one side of the said container, an inlet pipe to supply the said wax to the said container, a sieve wall in said container between said inlet pipe and said corrugated wall, a fiat sloping platform adapted to feed the wax in fine streams from said corrugated wall, and means to spray water onto said platform. 7

6. The method of forming oil-free, ivory colored shreds of high melting point amorphous wax, comprising the steps of causing liquid amorphous wax to flow in fine streams under a spray of water to produce solidified thin shreds of the amorphous wax, and then subjecting the said shreds to the action of a solvent for th oil to extract the oil contained in the shreds from the latter.

7. The method of forming oil-free, ivory colored shreds of high melting point amorphous wax, comprising the steps of conducting liquid amorphous wax as a series of fine streams under a spray of water to produce solidified thin shreds of the amorphous wax and freeing said shreds of oil contained in the latter by extracting the oil from the said shreds.

8. The method of producing ivory colored high meltin point substantially pure amorphous wax substantially identical in composition, constitution and properties to ceresin, from liquid, hydrocarbon comprising parafiin base crude oil residuum, comprising the steps of separating the crude wax oil mixture into its constituents, crystalline paraflin wax; lubricating oil and amorphous wax, by the addition of a low boiling point petroleum distillate and by filtration to remove the crystalline parafiin wax, distilling the amorphous wax from the oil and wax mixture and then causing the amorphous paraifin wax distillate to flow in fine streams under a spray of water to producesolidified thin shreds of the a rphous wax. and subjectin the said shreds to the action of a solvent for the oil to extract the remaining oil "from the amorphous wax.

9. The method of producing a synthetic oilfree ivory colored ceresin from liquid hydrocarbons comprising amorphous parafiin wax together with crystalline paraffin, comprising the steps of cleaning the oil to be treated, adding to the cleaned oil a low boiling point petroleum distillate and thereby causing separation therefrom as a precipitate of thecrystalline parafiln wax, thus precipitating the crystalline parafiin wax and removing the latter by filtering, to produce a filtrate containing lubricating oil and amorphous wax, distilling this mixture to produce an overhead distillate of amorphou wax and an oil bottoms and conducting the amorphous paraflin wax distillate as a series of fine streams under a spray of water to produce solidified thin shreds of the amorphous wax, and finally freeing said shreds of any remaining oil by an extracting medium for the oil.

10. Apparatus for forming oil-free ivory colored shreds of high melting point amorphous wax comprising means for causing a distillate containing amorphous wax to flow in a plurality of fine streams onto an inclined platform, thereby forming the amorphous wax into shreds, means for spraying water onto said platform, and extracting means for freeing oil contained in the said shreds from the latter.

ADOLF GRUNSPAN. 

